What is the process called that converts the information in DNA to produce a protein?

What is the process called that converts the information in DNA to produce a protein?

• A. Transcription
• B. Translation
• C. Replication
• D. Mutation

Answer: (B)

The process that converts the information in DNA to produce a protein is known as translation. This is the central step in the flow of genetic information within a biological system. During translation, the messenger RNA (mRNA) that has been synthesized from DNA through the process of transcription is used as a template to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain. Ribosomes read the sequence of the mRNA and, with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA) that carries specific amino acids, ensure that the correct amino acids are connected in the proper order. Transcription, which is often confused with translation, is the step that precedes translation and involves synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. Replication refers to the process of copying DNA to produce two identical DNA molecules, while mutation involves heritable changes in the DNA sequence. Understanding the functions and sequence of these processes is crucial in genetics, as they describe how genetic information leads to protein synthesis, which is essential for cellular function and inheritance.

The process that converts the information in DNA to produce a protein is known as translation. This is the central step in the flow of genetic information within a biological system. During translation, the messenger RNA (mRNA) that has been synthesized from DNA through the process of transcription is used as a template to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain. Ribosomes read the sequence of the mRNA and, with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA) that carries specific amino acids, ensure that the correct amino acids are connected in the proper order.

Transcription, which is often confused with translation, is the step that precedes translation and involves synthesizing RNA from a DNA template. Replication refers to the process of copying DNA to produce two identical DNA molecules, while mutation involves heritable changes in the DNA sequence. Understanding the functions and sequence of these processes is crucial in genetics, as they describe how genetic information leads to protein synthesis, which is essential for cellular function and inheritance.